Lyme disease is on the rise, more than 300,000 new cases are reported each year. In chronic Lyme disease and other neurological conditions treatment is often more challenging, as pathogens can hide in the central nervous system, fatty tissues, or intra-cellularly, and are often part of a biofilm matrix. In Lyme, not only are Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes present, other co-infections such as Babesia are also common.